Our stepper motor drivers offer adjustable current control and multiple step resolutions, and they feature built-in translators that allow a stepper motor to be controlled with simple step and direction inputs.
These modules are generally basic carrier boards for a variety of stepper motor driver ICs that offer low-level interfaces like inputs for directly initiating each step. An external microcontroller is typically required for generating these low-level signals.
Most of our stepper motor drivers are available in compact 0. The following table compares our selection of these:. This category also includes several larger driver modules that generally can deliver more current and offer more features than the more compact drivers above:. The Tics also offer a wide array of settings that can be configured over USB through a free software utility.
Compare all products in this category. They operate from 10 V to 47 V and can deliver approximately 1. They operate from 4. They operate from 8. These excitation modes have an effect on both the running properties and torque the motor delivers. A stepper motor converts electronic signals into mechanical movement each time an incoming pulse is applied to the motor. Each pulse moves the shaft in fixed increments.
If the stepper motor has a 1. In one-phase on - full step, Fig1, the motor is operated with only one phase energized at a time. This mode requires the least amount of power from the driver of any of the excitation modes. In two-phase on - full step, Fig2, the motor is operated with both phases energized at the same time. This mode provides improved torque and speed performance.
Half step excitation mode is a combination of one phase on and two phase on full step modes. This results in half the basic step angle. This smaller step angle provides smoother operation due the increased resolution of the angle. See Fig3. With this driving method, the motor will shake at low speed and the noise will be large. However, the advantage of the full-step drive is that the hardware or software is relatively simple in design so that the drive manufacturing cost is easily controlled.
In the case of single-phase excitation, the rotor stops at one position. After the driver receives the next pulse and gives two excitations at the same time, the rotor will move half a step angle and stop in the middle of the two adjacent full-step positions.
In this cycle, the two-phase coil is single-phase and then double-phase excited, and the stepping motor will rotate at half a step angle of each pulse. Compared with the whole step method, the half-step method has the advantages of double the precision and less vibration at low-speed operation.
The following figure is a schematic diagram of the motor stator current sequence in a half-step drive mode:. The half-step driving method is relatively more complicated than the full-step driving method.
Of course, it is also possible to directly pass a current equal to the single-phase current. As a result, the torque during the rotation of the motor is not constant, but it has the advantage of simplifying the driving circuit or software writing. It is crucial that you match the driver to the correct motor. If done incorrectly, the motor performance will not be sufficient, or it can even damage either portion or both. When looking into matching motors and drivers be sure to consider voltage limits and the maximum current the driver can supply.
As for the motor, make sure that it can take the amps per phase and resistance per phase that the driver is providing. Also, the continuous current rating of the driver should be larger than the current rating of the motor. Frequently, the voltage is stated but not always. Multiply this by 20 to the get the max operating voltage of the motor driver. This is illustrated below.
Example 2, if the motor specifications shows the phase current and resistance is 5A and 0. Implementing an inductance value of the phases gives a conservative voltage rating, as it is a very accurate calculation of maximum power supply voltage. Though the setup process for a stepper motor may seem complex, with patience and the right guide, the process can be fairly simple.
Utilizing a microcontroller is an efficient way to drive a motor because a driver only needs a few signals to operate.
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